再整理下data analysis的roadmap。这里的细节，就算被无视或轻视，也要保持初心，一点一点地认真走整个完整的流程。就像造一座房子，从地基开始，马虎不得。从第一秒开始做项目备忘录文档。沟通时不要心急，Be professional, keep calm and enthusiastic.
Ask 3+8–memo1），word
尽早了解案例研究的困难和问题非常重要，这样就可以专注于涉众的需求。
- · Identify the problem
- · Determine key stakeholders
- · Explore the data and establish metrics
- What topic are you exploring? 探索的主题是什么？
- What is the problem you are trying to solve? 试着解决什么问题？
- What metrics will you use to measure your data to achieve your objective? 为了达到目标，将用什么指标去衡量数据？
- Who are the stakeholders? 利益相关者都有谁？
- Who is your audience for this analysis and how does this affect your analysis process and presentation? 谁是分析的听众？这将如何影响分析过程和报告？
- How will this data help your stakeholders make decisions? 这个数据将怎样帮助利益相关者做决定？
Prepare 4+7–memo2），word、excel、mysql
确保拥有分析所需的所有数据，且是可靠、有用的数据。
- · Collect data and store it appropriately
- · Identify how it’s organized
- · Sort and filter the data
- · Determine the credibility of the data
- Where is your data located? 数据位于哪里?
- How is the data organized? 数据是如何组织的?
- Are there issues with bias or credibility in this data? Does your data ROCCC? 这些数据是否存在偏见或可信度问题?数据ROCCC吗?
- How are you addressing licensing, privacy, security, and accessibility? 如何解决许可、隐私、安全和可访问性问题的?
- How did you verify the data’s integrity? 如何验证数据的完整性?
- How does it help you answer your question? 它如何帮助你回答问题?
- Are there any problems with the data? 数据有什么问题吗?
Process 4+5–memo3），excel、MySQL、R studio
清理数据，分析才能无错。
- · Check the data for errors
- · Transform the data into the right type对的数据类型
- · Document the cleaning process
- · Choose your tools
- What tools are you choosing and why? 选了什么工具？为什么？
- Have you ensured your data’s integrity? 确定了数据完整性么？
- What steps have you taken to ensure that your data is clean? 为确保数据干净的步骤是什么？
- How can you verify that your data is clean and ready to analyze? 如何验证数据干净且已准备好分析？
- Have you documented your cleaning process so you can review and share those results? 是否对清洁过程存档，以便回顾和分享那些结果？
Analyze 4+5–memo4），excel、MySQL、R studio
将数据用于发现新的见解，发现问题的潜在解决方案！
- · Aggregate your data so it’s useful and accessible
- · Organize and format your data
- · Perform calculations
- · Identify trends and relationships
- How should you organize your data to perform analysis on it? 如何组织数据以对其进行分析?
- Has your data been properly formatted? 数据是否正确格式化?
- What surprises did you discover in the data? 在数据中发现了什么惊喜?
- What trends or relationships have you found in the data? 在数据中发现了什么趋势或关系?
- How do these insights answer your question or solve the problem? 这些见解如何回答问题或解决问题?
Share 4+5–memo5)，excel、R、tableau/Power BI、PPT、xmind
用数据讲述一个故事，传达你的发现。
- · Determine the best way to share your findings
- · Create effective data visualizations
- · Present your findings
- · Ensure your work is accessible to your audience
- What story does your data tell? 数据自己讲了个什么故事?
- How do your findings relate to your original question? 你的发现和你最初的问题有什么联系?
- Who is your audience? What is the best way to communicate with them? 听众是谁?与他们沟通的最佳方式是什么?
- Can data visualization help you share your findings? 数据可视化能帮助分享你的发现吗?
- Is your presentation accessible to your audience? 你的报告能让观众理解吗?
Act 3+5–memo6），word、excel、xmind
问题、数据和项目的三维reflection和next action。
- · Share next steps with your stakeholders
- · Determine if more data could give you new insights
- · Roadmap 的PDCA review
- What is your final conclusion based on your analysis? 根据分析，最终结论是什么?
- How can you apply your insights? 如何运用你的洞察?
- Are there any next steps you or your stakeholders can take based on your findings? 根据发现，你或你的利益相关者可以采取怎样的下一步措施吗?
- Is there additional data you could use to expand on your findings? 是否可以使用其他数据来扩展发现?
- How can you feature this case in your portfolio?